Live estimate

Estonia CO₂ Emissions

Estonia emitted 8.3 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024: 0.0% of the world total, the 118th most of 213 countries. That is 6.1 tonnes per person, 1.3× the world average of 4.7 t.

Estimated CO₂ emitted by Estonia in 2026 so far

0 tonnes since you opened this page · 0 t every second

CO₂ in 2024

8.3 Mt

8.3 million tonnes

World rank

#118

of 213 countries

Share of world

0.0%

world total 38.6 Gt

Per person

6.1 t

world average 4.7 t

Change vs 2023

-4.6%

2023: 8.7 Mt

Historical share

0.1%

#75 since 1750

Trend since 2000

Emissions fell 4.6% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are down 51%. Emissions peaked in 1989 at 38.9 million tonnes and are now 79% lower.

102030

Million tonnes of CO₂ a year

Show yearly data (million tonnes)

Year	CO₂ (Mt)
2024	8.3
2023	8.7
2022	12.0
2021	10.4
2020	9.2
2019	12.3
2018	17.8
2017	18.6
2016	17.4
2015	15.8
2014	18.8
2013	19.6
2012	17.8
2011	18.9
2010	19.0
2009	14.4
2008	17.8
2007	19.9
2006	16.4
2005	17.1
2004	17.3
2003	17.3
2002	15.4
2001	15.9
2000	15.5

Where it comes from

Coal is the largest source of Estonia’s CO₂, at 54%.

Coal54%4.5 Mt
Oil37%3.1 Mt
Gas7%0.6 Mt
Other industry1%0.1 Mt

Estonia in context

0.02% vs 0.02%

Share of people vs share of CO₂

Estonia is home to 0.02% of the world’s population and produces 0.02% of its fossil CO₂, so its share of emissions is larger than its share of people.

−78%

Change since 1990

Emissions in 2024 were 78% lower than in 1990, the baseline year of the Kyoto Protocol (36.9 Mt then). World emissions rose 70% over the same period.

13 Mt

Consumption-based CO₂ (2023)

Counting the CO₂ in goods it imports and exports, Estonia was responsible for 12.6 Mt in 2023, 45% more than the 8.7 Mt produced at home: it is a net importer of emissions.

149 g

CO₂ per kWh of energy

Each kilowatt-hour of primary energy used in Estonia came with about 149 g of CO₂ in 2024 (world: 218 g), pointing to a much cleaner energy mix than the world average.

0.30 kg

CO₂ per dollar of GDP

Its economy emitted 0.30 kg of CO₂ for each dollar of output in 2022 (adjusted for purchasing power), close to the world average of 0.29 kg.

Figures from Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Project; latest year available for each measure.

How Estonia compares

Rank	Country	CO₂ 2024	Share	Per person
116	Jamaica	8.4 Mt	0.0%	3.0 t
117	Papua New Guinea	8.3 Mt	0.0%	0.8 t
118	Estonia	8.3 Mt	0.0%	6.1 t
119	Uruguay	8.0 Mt	0.0%	2.4 t
120	Paraguay	7.9 Mt	0.0%	1.1 t

See all 213 countries → · Global live counter →

Questions and answers

How much CO₂ does Estonia emit?

Estonia emitted 8.3 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, 0.0% of global emissions. That is about 0 tonnes every second.

What are Estonia’s CO₂ emissions per person?

Estonia emits 6.1 tonnes per person, 1.3× the world average of 4.7 t. Per-person emissions divide the national total by population (1.4 million people in 2024).

Are Estonia’s CO₂ emissions rising or falling?

Emissions fell 4.6% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are down 51%. Emissions peaked in 1989 at 38.9 million tonnes and are now 79% lower.

What is the main source of CO₂ emissions in Estonia?

Coal is the largest source, at 54% of Estonia’s fossil and industry CO₂ in 2024 (4.5 million tonnes).

What are Estonia’s consumption-based CO₂ emissions?

About 12.6 million tonnes in 2023, 45% more than the 8.7 million tonnes emitted within its borders, because it imports more carbon-intensive goods than it exports. Consumption-based accounting adds the emissions embodied in imports and subtracts those in exports.

How much has Estonia contributed to historical CO₂ emissions?

Since 1750, Estonia has emitted about 2 billion tonnes of fossil CO₂, 0.1% of the world total, the 75th largest historical contribution.