Live estimate

Mongolia CO₂ Emissions

Mongolia emitted 44.7 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024: 0.1% of the world total, the 59th most of 213 countries. That is 12.9 tonnes per person, 2.7× the world average of 4.7 t.

Estimated CO₂ emitted by Mongolia in 2026 so far

0 tonnes since you opened this page · 1 t every second

CO₂ in 2024

44.7 Mt

44.7 million tonnes

World rank

#59

of 213 countries

Share of world

0.1%

world total 38.6 Gt

Per person

12.9 t

world average 4.7 t

Change vs 2023

+1.1%

2023: 44.2 Mt

Historical share

0.1%

#87 since 1750

Trend since 2000

Emissions rose 1.1% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are up 426%. Emissions peaked in 2019 at 47.1 million tonnes and are now 5% lower.

204060

Million tonnes of CO₂ a year

Show yearly data (million tonnes)

Year	CO₂ (Mt)
2024	44.7
2023	44.2
2022	40.4
2021	36.0
2020	42.5
2019	47.1
2018	45.3
2017	34.1
2016	25.6
2015	23.3
2014	29.6
2013	43.5
2012	35.0
2011	21.4
2010	13.8
2009	13.0
2008	11.9
2007	12.0
2006	9.3
2005	8.5
2004	8.5
2003	7.9
2002	8.2
2001	7.8
2000	7.4

Where it comes from

Coal is the largest source of Mongolia’s CO₂, at 87%.

Coal87%38.7 Mt
Oil12%5.4 Mt
Cement1%0.6 Mt

Mongolia in context

0.04% vs 0.12%

Share of people vs share of CO₂

Mongolia is home to 0.04% of the world’s population and produces 0.12% of its fossil CO₂, so its share of emissions is larger than its share of people.

+356%

Change since 1990

Emissions in 2024 were 356% higher than in 1990, the baseline year of the Kyoto Protocol (9.8 Mt then). World emissions rose 70% over the same period.

37 Mt

Consumption-based CO₂ (2023)

Counting the CO₂ in goods it imports and exports, Mongolia was responsible for 36.6 Mt in 2023, 17% less than the 44.2 Mt produced at home: part of its output is consumed elsewhere.

582 g

CO₂ per kWh of energy

Each kilowatt-hour of primary energy used in Mongolia came with about 582 g of CO₂ in 2024 (world: 218 g), pointing to a much more fossil-heavy energy mix than the world average.

0.90 kg

CO₂ per dollar of GDP

Its economy emitted 0.90 kg of CO₂ for each dollar of output in 2022 (adjusted for purchasing power), 3.1× the world average of 0.29 kg.

Figures from Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Project; latest year available for each measure.

How Mongolia compares

Rank	Country	CO₂ 2024	Share	Per person
57	Israel	52.6 Mt	0.1%	5.6 t
58	Ecuador	46.0 Mt	0.1%	2.5 t
59	Mongolia	44.7 Mt	0.1%	12.9 t
60	Serbia	42.0 Mt	0.1%	6.2 t
61	Hungary	40.0 Mt	0.1%	4.1 t

See all 213 countries → · Global live counter →

Questions and answers

How much CO₂ does Mongolia emit?

Mongolia emitted 44.7 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, 0.1% of global emissions. That is about 1 tonnes every second.

What are Mongolia’s CO₂ emissions per person?

Mongolia emits 12.9 tonnes per person, 2.7× the world average of 4.7 t. Per-person emissions divide the national total by population (3.5 million people in 2024).

Are Mongolia’s CO₂ emissions rising or falling?

Emissions rose 1.1% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are up 426%. Emissions peaked in 2019 at 47.1 million tonnes and are now 5% lower.

What is the main source of CO₂ emissions in Mongolia?

Coal is the largest source, at 87% of Mongolia’s fossil and industry CO₂ in 2024 (38.7 million tonnes).

What are Mongolia’s consumption-based CO₂ emissions?

About 36.6 million tonnes in 2023, 17% less than the 44.2 million tonnes emitted within its borders, because part of what it produces is exported and consumed in other countries. Consumption-based accounting adds the emissions embodied in imports and subtracts those in exports.

How much has Mongolia contributed to historical CO₂ emissions?

Since 1750, Mongolia has emitted about 1 billion tonnes of fossil CO₂, 0.1% of the world total, the 87th largest historical contribution.