Live estimate
Turkey CO₂ Emissions
Turkey emitted 513.0 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024: 1.3% of the world total, the 12th most of 213 countries. That is 5.9 tonnes per person, 1.2× the world average of 4.7 t.
Estimated CO₂ emitted by Turkey in 2026 so far
0
0 tonnes since you opened this page · 16 t every second
CO₂ in 2024
513.0 Mt
513.0 million tonnes
World rank
#12
of 213 countries
Share of world
1.3%
world total 38.6 Gt
Per person
5.9 t
world average 4.7 t
Change vs 2023
+5.4%
2023: 486.9 Mt
Historical share
0.7%
#24 since 1750
Trend since 2000
Emissions rose 5.4% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are up 92%. 2024 was the highest year on record.
Show yearly data (million tonnes)
| Year | CO₂ (Mt) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 513.0 |
| 2023 | 486.9 |
| 2022 | 443.6 |
| 2021 | 457.4 |
| 2020 | 416.3 |
| 2019 | 406.6 |
| 2018 | 423.8 |
| 2017 | 430.6 |
| 2016 | 405.6 |
| 2015 | 387.7 |
| 2014 | 367.3 |
| 2013 | 350.6 |
| 2012 | 358.6 |
| 2011 | 344.2 |
| 2010 | 318.7 |
| 2009 | 318.6 |
| 2008 | 312.6 |
| 2007 | 316.5 |
| 2006 | 285.4 |
| 2005 | 267.7 |
| 2004 | 247.8 |
| 2003 | 239.8 |
| 2002 | 224.3 |
| 2001 | 216.9 |
| 2000 | 232.9 |
Where it comes from
Coal is the largest source of Turkey’s CO₂, at 41%.
- Coal41%209 Mt
- Oil27%136 Mt
- Gas23%120 Mt
- Cement8%42.2 Mt
- Flaring0%0.2 Mt
- Other industry1%5.6 Mt
Turkey in context
1.1% vs 1.3%
Share of people vs share of CO₂
Turkey is home to 1.1% of the world’s population and produces 1.3% of its fossil CO₂, so its share of emissions is larger than its share of people.
+232%
Change since 1990
Emissions in 2024 were 232% higher than in 1990, the baseline year of the Kyoto Protocol (154.6 Mt then). World emissions rose 70% over the same period.
483 Mt
Consumption-based CO₂ (2023)
Counting the CO₂ in goods it imports and exports, Turkey was responsible for 483.0 Mt in 2023, about the same as the 486.9 Mt produced within its borders.
245 g
CO₂ per kWh of energy
Each kilowatt-hour of primary energy used in Turkey came with about 245 g of CO₂ in 2024 (world: 218 g), pointing to a more fossil-heavy energy mix than the world average.
0.19 kg
CO₂ per dollar of GDP
Its economy emitted 0.19 kg of CO₂ for each dollar of output in 2022 (adjusted for purchasing power), 35% below the world average of 0.29 kg.
Figures from Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Project; latest year available for each measure.
How Turkey compares
Questions and answers
How much CO₂ does Turkey emit?
Turkey emitted 513.0 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, 1.3% of global emissions. That is about 16 tonnes every second.
What are Turkey’s CO₂ emissions per person?
Turkey emits 5.9 tonnes per person, 1.2× the world average of 4.7 t. Per-person emissions divide the national total by population (87.5 million people in 2024).
Are Turkey’s CO₂ emissions rising or falling?
Emissions rose 5.4% in 2024 compared with 2023. Compared with 2005, emissions are up 92%. 2024 was the highest year on record.
What is the main source of CO₂ emissions in Turkey?
Coal is the largest source, at 41% of Turkey’s fossil and industry CO₂ in 2024 (209.3 million tonnes).
What are Turkey’s consumption-based CO₂ emissions?
About 483.0 million tonnes in 2023, roughly the same as its production-based emissions of 486.9 million tonnes. Consumption-based accounting adds the emissions embodied in imports and subtracts those in exports.
How much has Turkey contributed to historical CO₂ emissions?
Since 1750, Turkey has emitted about 13 billion tonnes of fossil CO₂, 0.7% of the world total, the 24th largest historical contribution.
Related reading
Data: Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Project (Global Carbon Budget 2025), CC BY 4.0. Annual figures are fossil-fuel and industry CO₂ for 2024, the latest complete year. Live counters are estimates that assume 2024 emission rates continue. How the counter works →